HIrisPlex-S
Definition
A 41-SNP externally visible characteristics (EVC) panel for simultaneous prediction of eye, hair, and skin colour, developed at Erasmus MC Rotterdam by the Kayser group; available as a web-based prediction tool and validated for 36 pigmentation phenotype categories.
- SNP composition
- 41 SNPs: 6 for eye color, 18 for hair color, 17 for skin color
- Phenotype categories covered
- 36 pigmentation phenotype categories across eye, hair, and skin
- Developer
- Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam (Kayser group)
- Population validation
- European, African, East Asian, and South Asian populations
Common questions
What does HIrisPlex-S predict, and how many SNPs does it use?+
HIrisPlex-S is a 41-SNP panel that predicts eye, hair, and skin color simultaneously. It combines 6 SNPs from the original IrisPlex panel (eye color), 18 additional SNPs for hair color, and 17 SNPs added in the S extension specifically for skin color prediction.
Has HIrisPlex-S been tested on different populations?+
Yes. The panel was validated across European, African, East Asian, and South Asian populations. It provides probability distributions across multiple color categories for each trait, making it applicable to diverse ancestry groups.
Where was HIrisPlex-S developed and how is it used in practice?+
HIrisPlex-S was developed at Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam (the Kayser group). It is available as a web-based prediction tool that forensic researchers can use to estimate pigmentation phenotypes when DNA evidence is recovered.
Related terms
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- A commercial DNA phenotyping service (Parabon NanoLabs, Virginia, US) that genotypes thousands of SNPs from a crime-scene sample and uses machine learning...
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- Biogeographic Ancestry Inference (BGA)
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- Bisulphite Conversion
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- Body-Fluid-Specific Transcripts
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- Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA)
- Short DNA fragments (~166 bp) circulating extracellularly in body fluids, shed from apoptotic and necrotic cells. In plasma, predominantly hematopoietic; in pregnancy,...
- CpG Methylation
- Addition of a methyl group to cytosine in a CpG dinucleotide. Methylation at age-associated CpGs increases or decreases with chronological age in...
- Deconvolution
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- ELOVL2 Clock
- A forensic age-estimation system based on bisulphite pyrosequencing of 5 CpG sites in the ELOVL2 gene promoter; validated in multiple independent European...
- EPIC Array (Illumina)
- The Infinium MethylationEPIC v2.0 microarray measuring methylation beta values at approximately 935,000 CpG sites genome-wide; the current standard instrument for multi-CpG age-clock...
- EpiTYPER
- Agena Bioscience (formerly Sequenom) reagent system for quantitative methylation analysis via bisulphite PCR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry; used for multi-CpG methylation profiling...
- Externally Visible Characteristic (EVC)
- An observable physical trait (eye colour, hair colour, skin tone, height, facial morphology) whose variation in the population is partly genetically determined...
Explained in these topics
- DNA Phenotyping and RNA Profiling in Forensic ScienceReference SNP panel for eye, hair and skin colour. 41 SNPs: 6 IrisPlex (eye), 18 added for HIrisPlex (hair), 17 for the S extension (skin).
- Emerging Markers: DNA Methylation, miRNA and HIrisPlex-S PhenotypingA 41-SNP externally visible characteristics (EVC) panel for simultaneous prediction of eye, hair, and skin colour, developed at Erasmus MC Rotterdam by the Kay...
- SNP Panels for Ancestry, Phenotype and IdentificationA 41-SNP panel developed at Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam that predicts eye, hair and skin colour. Provides probability distributions per colour...