ForensicSpot6 modules
Crime Scene Management
The first responder's playbook plus the analyst's lens: how Indian forensic teams identify, secure, document, search, process and reconstruct a crime scene, the medico-legal work that follows, and the profiling lens at the end.
- 93hours
- 49topics
- 6modules
Module 112 hrs6 topics
Foundations: Law, Institutions & Forensic Science
The three new Indian criminal laws (BNS, BNSS, BSA 2023), the CFSL/SFSL/RFSL institutional map, and the principles, history and ethics of forensic science as the working FSL student needs them.
Start module- Forensic Science: Definition, Principles, History and EthicsDefinition, the six core principles, the Galton-Bertillon-Locard lineage, India's fingerprint-first history from Herschel 1858 to NFSU 2020, plus the ethics rules every forensic analyst should know.8 min
- Indian Forensic Laboratories: CFSL, SFSL, RFSL and the Institutional MapThe seven CFSLs, the 33+ SFSLs, the district RFSLs, NFSU and CDFD, plus the BNSS Section 176(3) change that put state labs on the cordon line.9 min
- Crime, Criminology and the Classification of OffencesHow Indian law defines an offence, the actus reus and mens rea split, eight offence categories under BNS 2023, and the major criminological theories.12 min
- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023: A Forensic Student's MapThe IPC 1860 is gone. BNS 2023 governs every Indian criminal charge from 1 July 2024. Section-by-section map a forensic student actually needs, with IPC equivalents and FSL implications.11 min
- Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023: Investigation, FIR, Search and SeizureHow BNSS 2023 rewrites the investigation playbook for Indian forensic practice: mandatory FSL visits, videographed seizure, e-FIR, and the charge-sheet timeline.10 min
- Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023: Forensic Evidence in CourtHow BSA 2023 handles forensic and electronic evidence in Indian trials: Section 39 expert opinion, the new 65B certificate, and the leading case law every student must know.10 min
Module 215 hrs9 topics
Crime Scene Evidence
How a crime scene is identified, secured, documented, searched and processed. Photography, sketching, evidence handling, chain of custody and reconstruction.
Start module- Introduction to Crime Scenes: Types, Evaluation and ProcessingDefinition of a crime scene, primary vs secondary, indoor vs outdoor, organised vs disorganised, plus the first-officer protocol.14 min
- Securing and Documenting the Crime SceneCordoning, the three-tier perimeter, note-making fields, rough vs finished sketches, and what the first officer must record before the IO arrives.12 min
- Crime Scene Search Techniques (Strip, Grid, Spiral, Zone, Wheel)All six search patterns with diagrams, when each is appropriate, and what most candidates get wrong about spiral search.11 min
- Processing Physical Evidence: Discovery, Recognition and ExaminationSequence of recognition → documentation → collection, safety measures, packaging classes, sealing, labelling and forwarding.13 min
- Chain of Custody: What Breaks It, and What Indian Courts Have SaidWhy CoC fails in Indian trials, the Form-95 / case-diary integration, sealed-packet protocols, and case law (Ashish Jain, Tomaso Bruno).10 min
- Crime Scene ReconstructionTypes of reconstruction, role of BPA + trajectory analysis, probative value, and the limits of reconstruction in Indian trial practice.12 min
- Forensic Photography: Cameras, Lenses, Films and ExposureSLR vs DSLR, lens choice for CSI, filters, films, exposure, development chemistry, and the standard 3-shot rule (overview, mid, close-up).14 min
- Specialised Photography: UV, IR and Close-Up at the Crime SceneHow UV reveals semen and bruises, when IR beats visible light, macro and reflected-UV setups, and ALS workflow.10 min
- Digital Imaging, 3-D Scanning and Crime Scene VideographyDigital evidence-grade imaging, FARO/Leica scanners, drone overheads, and videography SOPs for Indian state police.11 min
Module 315 hrs6 topics
Physical Evidences & Detection Devices
Classification of physical evidence, crime detection devices (UV/IR/X-Ray), speed detection, mobile labs, tele-forensics and the Indian + international CSI landscape.
Start module- Introduction to Physical Evidence: Types, Classification and Probative ValueClass vs individual characteristics, Locard's exchange principle reframed, and the seven categories every NFSU question tests on.13 min
- Crime Detection Devices: UV, IR, X-Ray and Detective DyesElectromagnetic spectrum walkthrough, which device finds what, detective dyes for theft cases, and neutron radiography use cases.12 min
- Speed Detection Devices: Radar, LIDAR and ANPRDoppler vs time-of-flight, evidentiary admissibility under the Motor Vehicles Act, and ANPR's CSI applications.9 min
- Crime Scene Investigation Tools, Kits and the Mobile LaboratoryBasic kit, investigator's kit, sealed packet bag, mobile CSI vans in operation across Indian states, and tool-replenishment SOPs.10 min
- Tele-Forensics and Technology Innovation in Crime Scene ManagementRemote expert support, AR/VR walk-throughs, AI-assisted scene mapping, and where Indian state FSLs actually use these in 2026.11 min
- Crime Scene Management: National and International ScenarioIndian CFSL/state-FSL/NFSU structure, the BNSS-2023 shift to mandatory FSL visits, and how FBI/INTERPOL/EUROPOL practice differs.12 min
Module 418 hrs11 topics
Pattern Evidence & Reconstruction Depth
Glass, paint, soil, fiber, tool marks, footwear/tyre and bite/lip/ear impressions; serial-number restoration; deep-dive bloodstain pattern analysis, fire and burn patterns, and hit-and-run reconstruction.
Start module- Glass Evidence: Fracture Patterns, Direction of Impact and Refractive IndexHow Indian forensic labs read glass: radial vs concentric cracks, the 3R rule for direction of force, GRIM3 refractive index, elemental analysis and the hit-and-run workflow.12 min
- Paint Evidence: Layers, Coating Structure and Instrumental AnalysisHow Indian forensic labs work paint: composition, automotive multilayer coatings, FTIR and Py-GC-MS, SEM-EDX pigment chemistry, and the PDQ database in hit-and-run cases.12 min
- Soil and Botanical Evidence: Composition, Comparison and InterpretationHow Indian forensic labs characterise soil and botanical traces, the comparison stack from Munsell colour to XRD, and what survives appellate scrutiny.12 min
- Fiber and Textile Evidence: Yarns, Weaves and Microscopic ExaminationFibre identification, dye comparison, weave analysis and the Indian SFSL workflow for textile evidence in rape, homicide and hit-and-run investigations.13 min
- Tool Mark Evidence: Types, Comparison Principles and CollectionTool mark types, comparison microscopy, casting and substrate recovery, and the Indian SFSL workflow for burglary, safe-breaking and forcible-entry cases.11 min
- Footwear, Tyre and Footprint Impression EvidenceHow Indian SOCO teams recover 2D and 3D shoe and tyre impressions, when to use ESL versus dental stone, and why the chappal-pattern excuse for skipping a lift is wrong.11 min
- Lip, Ear and Bite Mark Evidence: Cheiloscopy, Otoscopy and Forensic OdontologyCheiloscopy classifications, the Iannarelli earprint system, and the bite-mark debate after NAS 2009, written for Indian SFSL practice.11 min
- Serial Number and Erased Mark RestorationWhy obliterated stamped numbers can still be recovered: metallurgy, Fry's reagent, magnetic-particle and electrolytic etching as Indian SFSLs actually run them.9 min
- Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Passive, Transfer, Impact and Expirated PatternsIndian BPA deep dive: passive, transfer and impact patterns, angle of impact maths, area of origin, expirated blood, and what CFSL Hyderabad actually accepts.18 min
- Fire and Burn Pattern InterpretationHow Indian forensic teams read burn patterns at arson scenes: V-pattern, hourglass, char depth, accelerant detection per ASTM E1618, and BNS Sec 304B dowry-burn workflow.21 min
- Accident Investigation and Hit-and-Run: Collision, Skid Marks and Vehicle ExaminationScene-preservation in moving-traffic environments, skid mark physics, collision typology, vehicle examination protocols, and the Indian hit-and-run workflow under BNS 106 and BNSS.13 min
Module 518 hrs9 topics
Medico-Legal Aspects
Inquest types, thanatology and time-since-death, autopsy protocol, mechanical and firearm injuries, electrical/thermal/traffic injuries, and asphyxial deaths with diatom evidence.
Start module- Forensic Medicine and Medico-Legal Investigation: Objectives, Inquest and Inquest TypesWhat forensic medicine actually does in an Indian medico-legal investigation, the objectives the IO is chasing, and the four kinds of inquest examiners need to tell apart.12 min
- Thanatology: Death, Causes, Signs and Post-Mortem ChangesThanatology in forensic medicine: somatic, cellular and brain death, the modes and causes of death, immediate signs and the full early-to-late post-mortem timeline.16 min
- Estimation of Time Since DeathHow Indian forensic pathologists estimate the post-mortem interval: algor, rigor, livor, gastric, vitreous potassium, entomology, and why tropical PMI work needs correction.13 min
- Mode and Manner of Death; Custodial DeathMode vs manner vs cause of death, NASH classification, and the Indian custodial death protocol: NHRC 1993 guidelines, BNSS 198, D.K. Basu, and what holds up at trial.11 min
- Autopsy and Post-Mortem Examination ProtocolHow an Indian medico-legal autopsy actually runs from requisition under BNSS Section 196 to viscera dispatch, with the three-cavity protocol and second-autopsy law.10 min
- Mechanical Injuries: Abrasions, Bruises, Lacerations, Incised and Stab WoundsHow Indian forensic surgeons classify mechanical injuries, age bruises by colour, separate incised from lacerated wounds, and distinguish suicidal from homicidal patterns.14 min
- Firearm Injuries: Entry, Exit, Range and PatternReading firearm wounds in Indian forensic casework: entry vs exit, contact to distant range signs, GSR collection, country-made kattas, and bullet recovery.15 min
- Electrical, Thermal, Regional and Traffic InjuriesHow Indian forensic examiners read electric marks, burns and crash patterns: Joule lesions, scald vs flame, Marshall's triad, dowry-death indicators and pedestrian impact phases.16 min
- Asphyxial Deaths: Hanging, Strangulation, Suffocation, Drowning and DiatomsMechanical, chemical and environmental asphyxia; ligature mark analysis in hanging vs strangulation; drowning signs and the diatom test for ante-mortem immersion.15 min
Module 615 hrs8 topics
Criminal Profiling
History of profiling, behavioural evidence analysis, motivation typologies, victimology, psychological autopsy, sexual-offence profiling, geographical and cyber profiling.
Start module- History of Criminal ProfilingFrom Jack the Ripper's Dr Bond to the FBI BSU's Mindhunter era, plus where Indian profiling work actually started.11 min
- Behavioural Evidence Analysis: MO, Signature and StagingDifference between modus operandi and signature, what staging tells you, and the crime classification manual approach.12 min
- Criminal Motivation and Behavioural TypologiesOrganised vs disorganised, Holmes typology, lust/anger/power/profit motives, and Indian case studies.12 min
- Victim Profiling and VictimologyVictim risk assessment, lifestyle factors, victim-offender relationship, and the limits of pure victimology.10 min
- Psychological Autopsy: Suicide vs Homicide DifferentiationWhen to commission one, the NIMHANS protocol, and how Indian courts have received it (Sunanda Pushkar, others).11 min
- Sexual Offences: Profiling ApproachGroth's power/anger typology, BAU sex-crimes model, and the Indian statutory frame (BNS / POCSO) for context.12 min
- Geographical ProfilingDistance-decay, routine activity theory, Rossmo's formula, and how GIS-led profiling is being piloted in Indian metro police.11 min
- Criminal Behaviour on the Internet (Cyber-Profiling)Online disinhibition, predator grooming patterns, dark-web persona analysis, and what cyber-profiling actually contributes to Indian investigations.12 min