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Black-box study

An empirical performance study in which examiners are presented with comparison pairs of known ground truth (mate or non-mate) without their knowledge, allowing measurement of accuracy and error rates under conditions that simulate operational case difficulty.

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Daubert standardBSA 2023CEDAR-FOXCrimPR Part 19Evaluative reportingFalse-positive rateFISH (Forensic Information System for Handwriting)Foundational validityIndividualizationNAS 2009 reportNIST 2020 (NISTIR 8282)OSAC 2022/0004

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