Skip to content

A260/A280 Ratio

Definition

Absorbance ratio at 260 nm and 280 nm used to assess nucleic acid purity. Values of 1.7-1.9 indicate pure DNA; lower values suggest protein or solvent contamination.

Wavelengths compared
260 nm and 280 nm
Pure DNA range
1.7 to 1.9
Low ratio suggests
Protein or solvent contamination
Method
UV spectrophotometry

Common questions

Does the A260/A280 ratio tell you how much DNA is present?+

Not reliably. It is a purity check, not a quantity measurement, and it cannot distinguish human DNA from other nucleic acids. Fluorometric or qPCR methods are used separately when an accurate, human-specific quantity is needed.

Why still run this check if fluorometry is more accurate?+

It is fast and gives an early warning of protein or reagent carryover from extraction that could interfere with downstream PCR, which a fluorometric quantity reading alone would not necessarily flag.

Related terms

Cq (Cycle Threshold)
The PCR cycle at which fluorescence crosses a defined threshold; inversely proportional to starting template concentration and used to calculate DNA quantity...
Degradation Index (DI)
The ratio of large-amplicon to small-amplicon Cq values in Quantifiler Trio or equivalent kits; a DI above ~3 indicates significant fragmentation of...
InnoQuant HY
Human-specific qPCR quantitation kit with internal PCR control, providing autosomal and Y quantitation plus degradation index; widely used in Japanese and East...
PicoGreen
SYBR Green I-related fluorescent dye that intercalates specifically into double-stranded DNA, used for sensitive fluorometric quantitation in plate-reader or Qubit formats.
Plexor HY
Promega qPCR quantitation kit using isoguanosine/isocytidine quenching chemistry, providing autosomal and Y-chromosome quantitation with degradation index.
QuantiBlot
Human-specific slot-blot quantitation kit (Applied Biosystems) using a probe directed at the D17Z1 alpha-satellite repeat on chromosome 17.
Quantifiler Trio
Applied Biosystems qPCR kit reporting autosomal total DNA (small + large amplicon targets) and a Y-chromosome target, with a computed Degradation Index...

Explained in

Your journey to becoming a forensic professional starts here.

Practice with mock tests, learn from structured notes, and get your questions answered by a global forensic community, all in one place.