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Freehand Simulation

Definition

A forgery produced by visually studying the target signature and reproducing it from memory, without mechanical tracing; characterised by slow pen speed, irregular tremor, and retouching.

Related terms

Auto-Forgery
A genuine signature executed by the legitimate signer on a document they later deny, undetectable by handwriting comparison alone; requires document-dating and...
ESDA
Electrostatic Detection Apparatus; detects latent indentations in paper by charging the surface and cascading toner particles, revealing tracing stylus pressure and writing...
Exemplar Set
The collection of known genuine signatures used as the comparison baseline; SWGDOC and ENFSI guidelines specify a minimum of 20-30 exemplars spanning...
Indented Tracing
A tracing method in which a stylus or pen presses the genuine signature outline through to a blank beneath, leaving physical indentations...
Line Quality
The overall fluency, rhythm and pressure variation of a stroke. Genuine writing has smooth, rhythmic, pressure-modulated lines; forgeries show tremor, blunt starts...
Motor Programme
The stored neuromuscular sequence that controls handwriting execution. Once stable in adulthood, it runs largely automatically, making handwriting consistent and individuating.
Natural Variation
The normal within-writer fluctuation in individual features across repetitions of the same letter or writing task; an examiner assesses whether questioned-writing variation...
Retouch
A second application of ink to a stroke by the forger, correcting a perceived error; produces double ink-layer detectable by oblique lighting...
Video Spectral Comparator (VSC)
A multispectral imaging instrument combining UV, visible, and near-infrared illumination with selectable emission filters and a calibrated digital camera; the primary bench...

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