Noise residual (W_hat)
Definition
The per-image estimate of PRNU, computed by subtracting a denoised version of the image from the original. It contains PRNU plus random noise. Averaging many residuals produces a cleaner reference pattern.
Related terms
- BM3D (Block-Matching 3D)
- A state-of-the-art denoising algorithm that groups similar image patches across the image, transforms them jointly, thresholds in the transform domain, and inverts....
- Hypothesis testing in camera attribution
- The framework in which H0 is 'the query image was not taken by this camera' and H1 is 'it was'. The PCE...
- NCC (Normalised Cross-Correlation)
- The standard measure of similarity between a query noise residual and a reference PRNU pattern. It produces a value between -1 and...
- PCE (Peak-to-Correlation Energy)
- A refined statistic that divides the peak of the cross-correlation surface by the energy of the non-peak region. PCE is more sensitive...
- Wavelet denoiser
- A denoising filter that works in the wavelet transform domain, thresholding coefficients at each scale and direction to remove random noise while...
Explained in
- PRNU Extraction, Matching, and the PCE StatisticThe per-image estimate of PRNU, computed by subtracting a denoised version of the image from the original. It contains PRNU plus random noise. Averaging many r...