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Normalised cross-correlation (NCC)

Definition

A scalar statistic in the range -1 to 1 that measures how closely the noise residual of a query image matches a reference PRNU pattern. Values near 1 indicate a strong match; values near 0 indicate no relationship.

Related terms

Flat-field image
A photograph of a uniformly illuminated surface, typically a white wall or diffuser, taken at moderate brightness to avoid saturation. Used to...
Noise residual
The signal remaining after a denoising filter removes the scene component from an image. For PRNU estimation, the residual approximates the sum...
Peak-to-correlation energy (PCE)
An extension of NCC that computes the ratio of the squared correlation peak to the energy of the surrounding correlation map. PCE...
Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU)
A fixed-pattern noise component caused by microscopic sensitivity differences between individual sensor pixels. PRNU is deterministic and camera-specific, making it a sensor...
PRNU fingerprint
Photo Response Non-Uniformity: the unique pattern of pixel-level sensitivity variations in a camera sensor, which acts as a device fingerprint. Used to...

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