Microsampling Method Shows Promise for Postmortem Toxicology Investigations
A study published in Forensic Science International has demonstrated the potential of volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for toxicological screening during postmortem investigations, particularly when biological sample volumes are limited.
The researchers evaluated Mitra™ VAMS devices during the autopsy of a 43-year-old man who died in circumstances suggestive of chemsex. They collected samples from multiple biological matrices, including peripheral and cardiac blood, urine, bile and vitreous humour. Conventional sampling and microsampling results were then compared using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.
The researchers reported comparable qualitative detection profiles between the conventional samples and microsamples across the examined matrices. Targeted analysis detected several psychoactive substances, including methamphetamine, opioids and the synthetic cathinone α-PHP.
The team also used non-targeted analysis and molecular networking to characterise α-PHP and related phase I and phase II metabolites. Identifying drug metabolites can provide additional evidence of substance exposure and help forensic toxicologists interpret analytical findings.
VAMS uses an absorbent device to collect a controlled, small volume of biological material. This approach may offer practical advantages where sample availability is restricted, although its performance depends on the substance being investigated, the biological matrix and the analytical method.
The authors described the technique as a promising complementary approach rather than a replacement for conventional postmortem sampling. The study was a case report, so further validation across more cases and substances is needed before broader conclusions can be drawn.
For forensic laboratories, the findings highlight how microsampling combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry could expand toxicological testing options when evidence is scarce.