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Site Datum

Definition

A fixed reference point, established by total station or RTK-GPS, to which all survey grid positions are tied. Ensures that anomaly positions are reproducible and can be handed to excavators as actionable coordinates.

Establishment method
Total station or RTK-GPS survey
Role
Fixed reference point for the site grid
Purpose
Reproducible anomaly and feature positions
Downstream use
Handed to excavators as actionable coordinates

Common questions

What happens to the geophysical survey data if the site datum is lost or moved?+

Every position recorded relative to that datum becomes unreliable, since the grid has no fixed anchor to tie back to; investigators would need to re-establish and re-survey the site, which can be impossible once the original ground surface has been disturbed.

Why use RTK-GPS or a total station rather than a handheld GPS unit for the datum?+

A handheld consumer GPS has metre-level accuracy, which is not precise enough to reliably relocate a small anomaly for excavation, while RTK-GPS and total stations achieve centimetre-level or better precision needed for actionable dig coordinates.

Related terms

Confidence Ranking
A classification scheme that assigns each detected anomaly a confidence level based on how many independent methods detected it and how well...
Decision Framework
A structured protocol for selecting geophysical methods based on documented site characteristics (soil type, target depth, cultural noise) before fieldwork begins, with...
False Positive
A test result that indicates the presence of a target analyte when it is absent. In forensic serology this may mean incorrectly...
GIS Co-Registration
Assigning consistent spatial coordinates to all survey datasets so that anomalies from different instruments can be overlaid and compared at matching ground...
Ground-Truthing
The physical investigation (probing, test pitting, or full excavation) of a geophysical anomaly to determine whether it represents a genuine forensic target....

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