Phenolic Resin

Related terms

BKA Ink Reference Collection

The Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Criminal Police Office) reference database of European pen ink formulations, used as the evidentiary baseline for questioned-document cases...

Carbon Black

A colloidal carbon pigment produced by incomplete combustion; the primary colourant in permanent black gel inks, Indian inks, and archival drawing inks;...

Ink Tagging Programme

A voluntary scheme begun in 1979 whereby participating pen manufacturers add annual chemical tags (rare-earth chelates or fluorescent markers) to their formulations;...

Iron-Gall Ink

A historical ink formulation of ferrous sulphate, tannic acid (from oak galls), and gum arabic. The ferrous-tannate complex oxidises to brown ferric-tannate...

Manufacturing Change Window

The interval between when an ink formulation was introduced and when it was discontinued or reformulated; documents with ink outside this window...

Phenoxyethanol (2-Phenoxyethanol)

A semi-volatile high-boiling solvent that constitutes a major component of ballpoint ink vehicles; its gradual loss from the dried ink film after...

Shear-Thinning (Pseudoplastic)

A rheological property where viscosity decreases under applied shear force; the gel ink delivery mechanism depends on this property: the gel liquefies...

Triarylmethane Dye

A class of synthetic dyes (including crystal violet, Victoria blue B) that form the primary colourant in most blue ballpoint inks; characterised...

USSS International Ink Library

A collection of ~10,000 dated writing ink formulations maintained by the United States Secret Service since 1968, providing a terminus post quem...

Explained in

• Ink Classification and Chemistry: Ballpoint, Gel, Fountain and MarkerA class of synthetic polymer binder formed by condensation of phenols with formaldehyde; used in ballpoint ink vehicles since the 1950s; identifiable by FTIR c...