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Levamisole

A veterinary antihelminthic found as an adulterant in approximately 80 per cent of cocaine seizures in North America and Western Europe since 2014. Its metabolite aminorex is a stimulant; agrochemical and manufacturing hypotheses explain its prevalence.

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Chirasil-DEX CBCompound-specific IRMS (CSIA)Enantiomeric excess (ee)Erythroxylum cocaPasta base (coca paste)Phenylacetone (P2P, BMK)PMK-glycidateSafroleScott test

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