Dental stone
A gypsum-based casting material harder and finer than plaster of Paris. Preferred for forensic 3-D casts because it captures detail at the millimetre scale and resists chipping. Standard mix is about 1 lb of stone to 250 mL of water.
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2-D impression3-D impressionClass characteristicClass characteristics (footwear)Drag factor (μ)ESLA (Electrostatic dust-print lifter)Gait patternIndividual characteristicPerpendicular camera alignmentR v. Mohan (1994) + White Burgess Langille Inman (2015)Randomly acquired characteristics (RACs)SICAR (Shoeprint Image Capture and Retrieval)