Skip to content

CTS2 (Revised Conflict Tactics Scales)

Definition

Straus et al. (1996) instrument for quantifying domestic violence history through self-report, used in research contexts in custody evaluations; its use in clinical forensic practice requires awareness of the significant under-reporting that characterises adversarial custody contexts.

Authors
Straus et al.
Year
1996
Method
Self-report instrument on domestic violence history
Context of use
Custody evaluations, research contexts

Common questions

Why does under-reporting matter so much when the CTS2 is used in a custody evaluation?+

Both parties in a contested custody case have an incentive to present themselves favourably, which can suppress disclosure of their own behaviour or, conversely, motivate exaggeration about the other party. An evaluator using the CTS2 needs to weigh scores against this adversarial context rather than treat them as a neutral self-report.

Should CTS2 scores alone determine a custody recommendation involving alleged domestic violence?+

No. Professional guidance treats the CTS2 as one data point to be triangulated with collateral records, interviews, and other assessment tools, since a self-report instrument developed largely for research purposes was not designed to carry sole weight in a high-stakes legal determination.

Related terms

AFCC Model Standards
Association of Family and Conciliation Courts Model Standards of Practice for Child Custody Evaluation (2006, updated 2022); the primary professional standard for...
Cafcass Section-7 Report
A report on a child's welfare prepared by a Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service officer or appointed expert under...
Coercive Control
A pattern of behaviour in intimate relationships that seeks to deny autonomy and dominate the victim through means including isolation, monitoring, financial...
Gaurav Nagpal V. Sumedha Nagpal (2008)
Supreme Court of India decision affirming that the welfare of the minor is the first and paramount consideration in custody proceedings, overriding...
Hizanat
The Muslim personal law doctrine of maternal preferential custody rights for young children, applying specific age thresholds for boys and girls; Indian...
Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS)
A construct proposed by Richard Gardner in the 1980s describing children's unjustified denigration of one parent as resulting from the other parent's...
Welfare of the Child (Paramount Consideration)
The overriding legal test in custody determinations across common-law jurisdictions, including India (Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act 1956 § 13, as applied...

Explained in

Your journey to becoming a forensic professional starts here.

Practice with mock tests, learn from structured notes, and get your questions answered by a global forensic community, all in one place.