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Bilirubin

Definition

A yellow-orange breakdown product of biliverdin, seen as the yellow-brown phase of a resolving bruise. Its appearance indicates advancing haemoglobin degradation.

Origin
Breakdown product of biliverdin
Colour
Yellow-orange
Bruise phase
Later, resolving stage
Indicates
Advancing haemoglobin degradation

Common questions

Why is bilirubin's appearance used to estimate bruise age?+

Because it forms only after biliverdin has already broken down further, its presence signals that the bruise has progressed past its earliest stages, giving a rough marker of elapsed time since injury.

How reliable is bruise colour alone for dating an injury?+

It is widely regarded as unreliable for precise age estimation because the colour sequence varies with skin tone, bruise depth, individual healing rate, and lighting conditions, so it should be treated as indicative rather than a fixed timeline.

Related terms

Biliverdin
A green breakdown product of haemoglobin, appearing as the blue-green phase of bruise colour change. Biliverdin is then converted to bilirubin.
Cross-Polarised Photography
A photographic technique using polarising filters on both the light source and the camera lens to eliminate surface glare and reveal subsurface...
Haemoglobin
The iron-containing oxygen-transport protein in red blood cells, composed of four polypeptide subunits each with a haem prosthetic group. Its pseudoperoxidase activity...
Oxyhaemoglobin
The form of haemoglobin in freshly shed arterial blood, where iron in the haem group is in the ferrous (Fe²⁺) state and...
Tissue Laxity
The looseness of subcutaneous tissue. High laxity (eyelids, scrotum, elderly skin) allows blood to spread widely from a relatively small vessel injury,...

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