OSAC 2022/0004
Definition
The OSAC Standard for Friction Ridge Examination Conclusions (2023), specifying a graduated five-level conclusion vocabulary, prohibiting zero-error-rate language, and requiring that examiners contextualise error rates with reference to the empirical literature when asked.
Related terms
- Black-Box Study
- A study in which qualified examiners are given realistic test cases with known ground truth and asked to make decisions under conditions...
- BSA 2023
- Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023: the Indian evidence statute that replaced the Indian Evidence Act 1872 on 1 July 2024; retains the section...
- CrimPR Part 19
- Criminal Procedure Rules Part 19 (England and Wales): the expert-witness procedural code requiring disclosure of qualifications, methodology, limitations, and whether the method...
- Daubert Standard
- The US federal evidentiary standard (Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, 1993) requiring that expert testimony be based on scientifically valid methods with...
- Evaluative Reporting
- A framework for expressing forensic conclusions in terms of the probability of the evidence given the prosecution hypothesis versus the defence hypothesis...
- False-Positive Rate
- The proportion of authentic media files that a detection tool incorrectly classifies as manipulated or synthetic. Deepfake detectors and ELA tools both...
- Individualization
- The forensic claim that a friction-ridge mark was made by one specific person to the exclusion of all others; the categorical form...
- NAS 2009 Report
- The National Academy of Sciences report 'Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward' (2009), which critiqued the scientific foundations...
- Ulery 2011 Study
- Ulery et al. (2011), 'Accuracy and reliability of forensic latent fingerprint decisions,' PNAS 108(19): 7733-7738; the largest empirical black-box study of fingerprint...
Explained in
- Expert Testimony and the 2009 NAS Critique of Fingerprint IDThe OSAC Standard for Friction Ridge Examination Conclusions (2023), specifying a graduated five-level conclusion vocabulary, prohibiting zero-error-rate langu...