Forensic Medicine: Injuries under BNS 114-118 (Grievous Hurt)

This mock tests your command of the injury offences framework under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023 Sections 114-118, with emphasis on the eight categories of grievous hurt under BNS Section 116 (formerly IPC Section 320): emasculation, permanent privation of sight of either eye, permanent privation of hearing of either ear, permanent privation of any member or joint, permanent disfiguration of head or face, fracture or dislocation of a bone or tooth, bodily injury endangering life, and twenty-day disability. Questions cover the IPC 1860 precursor sections (319-326), the leading case law -- Virsa Singh v State of Punjab (1958) AIR SC 465 and Rampal Singh v State of UP (2012) 8 SCC 289 -- and applied forensic pathology: antemortem versus postmortem vital reaction, wound direction from instrument shape, and cause of death classification in delayed trauma deaths. FIR procedure under BNSS 2023 Section 173 (formerly CrPC 154) and medicolegal examination report format round out the statutory and procedural scope.

Designed for MSc Forensic Medicine aspirants, MBBS graduates preparing for forensic pathology board examinations, and UGC-NET Paper II candidates targeting Unit X. The mock reflects the curriculum taught at AIIMS Delhi and Government Medical Colleges across India, integrating statutory knowledge with applied wound analysis and cause-of-death reasoning. All questions are calibrated at hard difficulty: distractors differ from the correct answer on a single statutory parameter, a case-law ingredient, or a histological timepoint that separates a well-prepared candidate from a partially-prepared one.

Topics covered:

• BNS 2023 Sections 114-118 and their IPC 1860 equivalents (Sections 319-326)
• Eight categories of grievous hurt under BNS Section 116 with clinical standards for each
• Voluntarily causing hurt (BNS 115) vs voluntarily causing grievous hurt (BNS 117) -- mens rea
• Dangerous weapons and dangerous means under BNS Section 118
• Virsa Singh v State of Punjab (1958) AIR SC 465 -- four-ingredient test and sufficiency
• Rampal Singh v State of UP (2012) 8 SCC 289 -- single-wound application of Virsa Singh
• Antemortem vital reaction -- histological dating timeline for medicolegal reports
• Wound direction reconstruction from instrument type and angle of entry
• Cause of death classification in delayed trauma deaths (immediate, antecedent, underlying)
• Medicolegal examination report (MLE) mandatory components and FIR under BNSS 173

Allow 30 minutes.