Skip to content

Section 65B certificate (now BSA 2023 certificate)

Definition

A statutory certificate required under Indian law to authenticate electronic records tendered in evidence. Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023, the certificate must be signed by a responsible official and must attest that the computer was functioning correctly, the record was produced in the ordinary course of activities, and the information is accurate.

Related terms

Budapest Convention
The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (2001), the first binding international treaty on cyber offences. Requires signatory states to criminalise illegal...
Chain of custody
The documented chronological record of who collected, handled, transferred, and examined a piece of evidence. For digital evidence, chain of custody includes...
Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)
18 U.S.C. § 1030, the primary US federal computer crime statute. Criminalises unauthorised access to protected computers, data theft, system damage, and...
Computer Misuse Act 1990 (CMA)
The primary UK statute creating offences of unauthorised access to computer material, unauthorised access with intent to commit further offences, and unauthorised...
Hash value
A fixed-length digital fingerprint produced by running a file through a cryptographic algorithm such as SHA-256 or MD5. Identical files produce identical...

Explained in

Your journey to becoming a forensic professional starts here.

Practice with mock tests, learn from structured notes, and get your questions answered by a global forensic community, all in one place.