Secondary Deposition
Definition
A burial or scatter in which remains were moved from the original death location after some decomposition, then deposited at the recovery location. Identified by disarticulation inconsistent with in-situ decomposition, mixed taphonomic stages across elements, and often by an under-representation of small elements.
- Field
- Forensic archaeology and taphonomy
- Key sign
- Disarticulation inconsistent with in-situ decay
- Also seen
- Mixed taphonomic stages across elements
- Common gap
- Under-representation of small skeletal elements
Common questions
What evidence distinguishes secondary deposition from an undisturbed grave?+
Disarticulation patterns that don't match natural decay, elements out of anatomical order, sediment or staining inconsistent with the recovery context, and missing small bones such as hand and foot elements left behind during the move.
Why are small skeletal elements often absent in secondary deposition cases?+
When remains are moved after partial decomposition, loosely connected small bones can detach and stay at the original site or get lost in transit, so their absence at the recovery location is itself a useful clue.
Does secondary deposition always mean deliberate concealment?+
No, natural processes such as flooding or scavenger dragging can relocate partially skeletonized remains, so investigators weigh taphonomic and contextual evidence before concluding the movement was intentional.
Related terms
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