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Polymorphism

Definition

The existence of two or more sequence variants (alleles) at a locus in a population at a frequency above one percent. High polymorphism at a locus means that different individuals are likely to carry different alleles, which is what makes a locus useful for individualisation.

Related terms

Chromosome
A discrete, condensed structure consisting of a single long DNA molecule complexed with histone proteins. Humans normally carry 46 chromosomes in 23...
Gene
A segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, most commonly a protein but also non-coding RNA molecules. Protein-coding genes occupy roughly...
Heterozygosity
The proportion of individuals in a population who carry two different alleles at a locus. A locus with high heterozygosity is more...
Locus (plural: loci)
A defined physical position on a chromosome. In forensic genetics, 'locus' usually refers to a specific STR site used in profiling. The...
Short tandem repeat (STR)
Short repetitive DNA sequences scattered throughout the genome, with the number of repeats varying between individuals at each locus. DNA profiling compares...

Explained in

  • Chromosomes, Genes and the Human GenomeThe existence of two or more sequence variants (alleles) at a locus in a population at a frequency above one percent. High polymorphism at a locus means that d...

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