Multiplicative noise model
Definition
The mathematical description of PRNU: each pixel's output is approximately the product of the true light signal and the pixel's gain factor (1 + K), where K is the PRNU component. This scaling with signal level distinguishes PRNU from additive shot noise.
Related terms
- DCNU (Dark Current Non-Uniformity)
- Additive noise generated by thermal activity in pixels even without light. Unlike PRNU, DCNU varies with temperature and camera gain settings, so...
- Fixed-pattern noise (FPN)
- Any repeatable, spatially correlated noise in an image sensor, as opposed to random shot noise. PRNU and DCNU are both forms of...
- Lens vignetting
- The radial darkening toward the corners of an image caused by the optical path. It creates a low-frequency spatially correlated pattern in...
- PRNU (Photo Response Non-Uniformity)
- The unique pattern of pixel-level sensitivity variations in a camera sensor, used as a device fingerprint. A genuine camera-original image carries the...
- Sensor pattern noise (SPN)
- The composite fixed-pattern component in an image that includes PRNU plus lower-level contributions from optics and pixel defects. The PRNU component dominates...
Explained in
- PRNU: Physics and the Camera FingerprintThe mathematical description of PRNU: each pixel's output is approximately the product of the true light signal and the pixel's gain factor (1 + K), where K is...