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Earnings management

Definition

The use of accounting choices, estimates, and timing decisions within the bounds of GAAP or IFRS to influence reported earnings. Permissible in itself; becomes problematic when the chosen treatment has no reasonable basis in the standard or when the purpose is to deceive rather than to reflect economic reality.

Related terms

Cookie-jar reserve
An accounting reserve built up in a period of strong earnings by overstating provisions or allowances, then released in a later period...
Financial-statement fraud
Intentional misstatement or omission in financial reports to deceive users of those reports, typically to inflate earnings, understate liabilities, or maintain a...
Materiality
The threshold at which a misstatement or omission would influence the decisions of a reasonable user of the financial statements. Assessed both...
PFUTP Regulations 2003
The Securities and Exchange Board of India's Prohibition of Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices (Relating to Securities Markets) Regulations 2003. The primary...
SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 99 (SAB 99)
A 1999 SEC interpretive release stating that the traditional five-percent quantitative threshold for materiality is not a safe harbour and that qualitative...

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