Contextual Cognitive Bias
Definition
The mechanism by which prior knowledge of case context, including suspect identity, other evidence, or case outcome, influences an examiner's pattern-recognition conclusions in ways that are not consciously controlled and that may not be detectable by the examiner.
Related terms
- Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023
- India's replacement for the Indian Evidence Act 1872, in force from 1 July 2024. Section 39 carries forward the expert-witness opinion provisions,...
- Blind Verification
- The procedure in which a second fingerprint examiner independently performs the Analysis and Comparison stages without knowledge of the first examiner's conclusion....
- Cairns Checklist
- A practical self-review tool for UK forensic expert reports, derived from CrimPR Part 19 requirements and professional guidance, that prompts the examiner...
- CrimPR Part 19
- Criminal Procedure Rules Part 19 (England and Wales): the expert-witness procedural code requiring disclosure of qualifications, methodology, limitations, and whether the method...
- Daubert Standard
- The US federal evidentiary standard (Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, 1993) requiring that expert testimony be based on scientifically valid methods with...
- Duty to the Court
- The obligation of expert witnesses in UK proceedings (and, to varying degrees, in other jurisdictions) to assist the court with objective, unbiased...
- Frye Standard
- The US legal test for admissibility of scientific evidence, originating from Frye v. United States (1923), which required that a technique be...
- Linear ACE-V
- An implementation of ACE-V methodology that enforces strict sequential documentation: analysis of the latent mark must be completed and recorded before the...
- Sequential Unmasking
- An information-sequencing protocol in which the examiner receives the questioned material first, completes and documents the analysis before receiving the known standards,...
Explained in
- Expert Witness Testimony and Cognitive Bias MitigationThe mechanism by which prior knowledge of case context, including suspect identity, other evidence, or case outcome, influences an examiner's pattern-recogniti...