Chloroplast genome (plastome)
Definition
A circular, 120-160 kb genome inside plant chloroplasts, present in hundreds of copies per cell. Its high copy number makes it recoverable from degraded material where nuclear DNA has been lost.
Related terms
- BOLD
- Barcode of Life Data System, an international curated database linking COI sequences to verified voucher specimens with collection locality and taxonomic annotation....
- DNA barcoding
- Identification of an unknown plant fragment by sequencing short standard genome regions (rbcL and matK for plants, ITS for fungi). Routinely used...
- matK
- Maturase K gene, located in the chloroplast trnK intron. The second CBOL-approved plant barcode marker, with an approximately 870 bp diagnostic amplicon....
- rbcL
- A chloroplast gene encoding the large subunit of RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase). One of the two CBOL-standardized plant barcode loci. Widely amplifiable but...
- Species resolution rate
- The proportion of species-level queries for which the barcoding approach returns an unambiguous species identification rather than only a genus or family...
Explained in
- Plant DNA Barcoding: rbcL and matKA circular, 120-160 kb genome inside plant chloroplasts, present in hundreds of copies per cell. Its high copy number makes it recoverable from degraded materi...